Alkalinity is your tank's pH buffer. Stable alkalinity helps corals build skeleton and prevents sudden pH swings.

Calcium is a coral growth building block. Corals and coralline algae consume calcium every day.

Magnesium keeps calcium and alkalinity in balance. Low magnesium can make calcium and alkalinity unstable.

Phosphate is a key nutrient in the water. Too high can fuel algae, too low can starve corals.

Nitrate tracks accumulated waste in your tank. It helps you spot overfeeding or weak export before livestock is stressed.

Temperature controls biological stability. Keeping temperature steady reduces fish and coral stress.

Salinity is the salt concentration of your water. Even small drifts can stress fish and invertebrates.

pH measures how acidic or basic your water is. Stable pH supports healthy respiration and coral calcification.

Ammonia is toxic waste from fish and food. Any detectable ammonia can be dangerous and needs fast action.

Nitrite appears during biological filtration. Tracking nitrite shows if your tank is still cycling.